Le tenebre dell’Europa e
la gestione conflittuale del mondo globale: dai prodromi della Guerra Fredda a un
mondo policentrico
pomeridiano
con obbligo di frequenza.
che
si era venuto a creare, dato che comunque tale situazione non comportava
l'impiego aggressivo degli eserciti regolari, fu coniata la metafora di guerra
"fredda". Furono necessarie molte attenzioni e una buona dose di diplomazia
per sedare sul nascere alcuni conflitti armati, al fine di prevenire una più
ampia guerra "calda" che avrebbe rischiato di estendersi e intensificarsi.
Students are given the opportunity to analyse an important period of recent
history. There has always been great difficulty in covering the most recent
events of European history within the syllabus so a group of teachers thought
students might be interested in doing an extra course in recent history. The
course has been higly appreciated especially by the students of the last year
of high school.
The
Cold War was the protracted geopolitical, ideological, and economic struggle
that emerged after World War II between the global superpowers of the Soviet
Union and the United States, supported by their respective and emerging alliance
partners. It took place from about 1947 to about 1991.
The struggle was called the Cold War because it did not involve direct armed
conflict between the main contestants (by contrast, a so-called "hot" war). The
Cold War was instead waged by means of diplomatic maneuvering, economic pressure,
selective aid, intimidation, propaganda, assassination, low-intensity military
operations and full-scale proxy wars. The Cold War period also simultaneously
witnessed the largest arms race (both conventional and nuclear) in history,
leading to widespread global fears of a World War III and a cataclysmic nuclear
war. Both sides claimed to champion freedom and democracy and made numerous
accusations against the other. The United States was accused of being the
paragon of capitalist imperialism and of supporting racism at home and fascism
abroad. The Soviet Union was accused of violating human rights, crushing
independence movements in Eastern Europe, and supporting dangerous insurgents
abroad. A few tried to find middle ground by ignoring internal faults and trying
to get the superpowers to cooperate and avoid nuclear war.
The Cold War endured over four decades, from circa
1947 until the decline and eventual collapse of East European and Soviet
Communist states in the late 1980s. The disintegration of the Soviet Union in
1991 is generally considered to mark the absolute end of the conflict.